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This study examines the relative importance of six variables: area, the mid-domain effect, temperature, precipitation, productivity, and habitat heterogeneity on elevational patterns of species richness for breeding birds along a central… Epichloë endophytes associated with cool-season grass species can protect their hosts from herbivory and can suppress mycorrhizal colonization of the hosts’ roots. However, little is known about whether or not Epichloë endophyte infection… Altitudinal patterns in the population ecology of mountain bird species are useful for predicting species occurrence and behavior. Numerous hypotheses about the complex interactions among environmental factors have been proposed; however… The glaciers in the Alps, as in other high mountain ranges and boreal zones, are generally retreating and leaving a wide surface of bare ground free from ice cover. Phylogenetics and phylogeography of versity gradient: speciation, extinction and biogeography. the Artibeus jamaicensis complex based on cytochrome-b Ecology Letters 10:315–331. Temporal and spatial variability of RUE were analyzed separately. In a heteroscedasticity analysis (see Materials and Methods), we tested whether G and TP predict variability of RUE among sites (i.e., spatial variability). Bio System a Tics Abstracts - Free ebook download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read book online for free.

Frontiers in Ecology, Evolution and Complexity - Free ebook download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read book online for free. Right now, the understanding of life on Earth, its origins and dynamics, is going trough a deep…

There is little debate about the potential of environmental heterogeneity to facilitate species diversity. However, attempts to show the relationship between spatial heterogeneity and diversity empirically have given mixed results. Based on our findings, we urge for caution in obtaining community-wide characteristics from the results of multiple single-species studies. Primary production is the fundamental source of energy to foodwebs and ecosystems, and is thus an important constraint on soil communities. This coupling is particularly evident in polar terrestrial ecosystems where biological diversity and… The literature review highlights that if plant community biomass is represented as dry biomass per unit surface area, major ecosystem types are drastically different. Future demands for increased food production are expected to have severe impacts on prairie biodiversity and ecosystem integrity. Prairie avifauna of North America have experienced drastic population declines, prompting numerous… Coldenia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants traditionally included in the borage family, Boraginaceae sensu lato. It was assigned to the subfamily Ehretioideae, but molecular data revealed it to be more closely related to the genus…

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Shrimp spend most of their time on the bottom, where attacks are more often successful. Avoidance of the bottom microhabitat by tadpoles therefore improves survival. In addition, and also in contrast to plant restoration ecology, the community context for a predator tends to be usefully conceptualized around trophic interactions first and foremost. Publications Authored by Zhu Kai At the population-level, biologists often interpret negative D M relationships as evidence of density-dependent survival or as models of ecosystem carrying capacity (i.e., the ‘self-thinning rule’)4,5. The Causes of Species Richness Patterns Across Space, Time, And Clades And - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Grazing extensification and intensification are among the main problems affecting European grasslands. We analyze the impact of grazing intensity (low and moderate) and the use of veterinary medical products (VMPs) on the dung beetle…

Temporal and spatial variability of RUE were analyzed separately. In a heteroscedasticity analysis (see Materials and Methods), we tested whether G and TP predict variability of RUE among sites (i.e., spatial variability).

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Biology, Animal Biology, Ecology It's free to register here to get Book file PDF The Vegetation of Egypt Pocket Guide. Environmental homogenization in coastal ecosystems impacted by human activities may be an important factor explaining the observed decline in fish species richness. We used fish community data (>200 species) from extensive surveys conducted… Echinoderm population collapses, driven by disease outbreaks and climatic events, may be important drivers of population dynamics, ecological shifts and biodiversity. The northeast Pacific recently experienced a mass mortality of sea stars… This study examined arthropod community patterns over an altitudinal ecoregional zonation that extended through three ecoregions (Yungas, Monte de Sierras y Bolsones, and Puna) and two ecotones (Yungas-Monte and Prepuna) of Northwestern… There is little debate about the potential of environmental heterogeneity to facilitate species diversity. However, attempts to show the relationship between spatial heterogeneity and diversity empirically have given mixed results. Based on our findings, we urge for caution in obtaining community-wide characteristics from the results of multiple single-species studies.

Carnivores can affect the impact that herbivores have on plants in two ways (4). They may cause changes in herbivore density through direct consumption of herbivores.

In the past decade, significant efforts have been made to describe fish-habitat associations. However, most studies have oversimplified actual connections between fish assemblages and their habitats by using univariate correlations. Despite decades of work in environmental science and ecology, estimating human influences on ecosystems remains challenging. This is partly due to complex chains of causation among ecosystem elements, exacerbated by the difficulty of… The selective properties of fishing that influence behavioural traits have recently gained interest. Recent acoustic tracking experiments have revealed between-individual differences in the circadian behavioural traits of marine free-living… The pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) is a North American freshwater fish of the sunfish family (Centrarchidae) of order Perciformes.